Izinkinga Zokudesigna Isikhumba Sokubhala Kwesikhumba Sokuphakamisa

Ukuphatha i-rheology: Ukuthiwa Kwe-yield Stress Nokulula Ngokuthe Ngokuphambili Ukwehla kwezindawo engenazo izimu

Kungani Ukuthiwa Kwemithi Yokuqala Kwenza Ukuthiwa Kwemithi Yokuqala Kuphuma Ngokuthe Ngokuphambili—Futhi Indlela Okuyiyo Ukuphatha i-rheology Kuyilungisa Lokhu

Kodwa uma kubhekwa kwezinkulungwane zokuhlanganisa kufika ngokushesha kwenkqubo yokuqala kwezinkulungwane, kuyenza ukuthi kunezinhlobo zezinto ezingafanani ezisemzini phansi kwesikrīdi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuzohlanjwa kwezinkulungwane ngokungafanele okukhona kusasa ngokulingana ne-$420 ngomzuzu kwezindlela zokusebenza futhi konke lokho okungasebenzi kwezinkulungwane ekhulula emzini. Ubungo bokuphinda kubheka? Ukuchazana phakathi kohlelo lwesilika (iziphumo zalo zokuhlanya) nokuthi kuyisiphi isikhathi sokuvibratha. Ngokucacile, uma isilika sikhula kakhulu kunezivibratha zokusebenza, izinkulungwane ezingaphezulu zihlala phansi futhi isilika esincane sibuye siza phezulu. Ukuphatha kahle kweziphumo zokuhlanya kususa le nto yonke ngokubhekana kwezintathu zezinto ezinamandla okunqamuka njengazo:

• Ukuhlukana kokugcina kwe-40–60 Pa—kudinga ukuthi kungabhekise kwezinkulungwane ngokuvibratha kodwa akubhekisi amagqabi ngokuphambuka;
• Ukuhlukana kokugcina kwezinkulungwane ezingaphezulu kwe-15–25 Pa·s—kunconywa ukuthi kubhekise kwezinkulungwane ngokuphelele kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha kwe-0.8–1.2 m/s;
• Ukubeka kwezinkulungwane 650750 mmitholakala ngokuthembekile ngama-polycarboxylate superplasticizers, hhayi amanzi amaningi.

Ukuhlolwa kwensimu kuqinisekisa ukuthi le ndlela elinganiselayo inciphisa ukuyeka phakathi nokuhamba ngama-75%, iqinisekise ukugeleza okufana phakathi kwama-auger nokusekelwa kwe-screed okuqhubekayo.

I-Triad Ebucayi: Ukucindezeleka Kwemithombo, Ukuqina Kwepulasitiki, Nokugeleza Okuphansi Ekucindezelweni Ngejubane Eliphezulu

Ubudlelwano phakathi kokucindezeleka kokuvuna, i-viscosity yepulasitiki, nokuhamba okuphansi kudlala indima ebalulekile ezinkambisweni zokucindezela i-slipform eqhubekayo. Ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuvuthwa kwempahla ngokuyisisekelo kubhekisela emandleni adingekayo ngaphambi kokuba impahla iqale ukugeleza. Lapho leli nani lehla ngaphansi kuka-40 Pascal, ngokuvamile sibona izinkinga ezinjengokuwa emaphethelweni nokopha okungaphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuvuthwa kwezinto kudlula ama-Pascal angu-60, izinto ezibonakalayo ngeke zikhukhule kahle futhi zivame ukuhlukana phakathi nokucutshungulwa. Ukubheka ukunamathela kwepulasitiki kusitshela ukuthi impahla iyamelana kanjani nokunyakaza lapho isikiwe. Abakhiqizi bemishini baye bathola ukuthi noma yini engaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-25 e-Pascal iholela ekugqokeni okuphindwe kabili kwezingodo uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo ezivamile. Amanani angaphansi kuka-15 Pascal seconds angabangela izinkinga zokuthi izinto zinamathele ndawonye kahle, ikakhulukazi lapho zihamba ngesivinini esingaphezu kwamamitha amane ngomzuzu. Nakuba ukukala ukugeleza kwe-slump kuwumkhuba ovamile, kudingeka kubhekwe nokuhlolwa kwe-rheology ye-dynamic. Ama-rheometer aphathekayo empeleni anikeza ukuxhumana okuwusizo phakathi kokufundwa kokugeleza okuphansi kanye namapharamitha okucindezela nokuqina kokubili, into okuyiyo nje ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuwohloka kwe-static okungenakuyifinyelela ngokwabo.

Ukuwohloka Nokusebenza: Amabanga Okuhlosiwe Nokulungiswa Kwesikhathi Sangempela Kokuthembeka Kwe-Slipform Paving

Izindinganiso Zemboni Ezishintshayo: Kusuka ku-13 in. kuya ku-2.54 in. Ukuwa Kwebhethri Elithambile Eliqiniswe Nge-Fiber

Indlela esilinganisa ngayo ukuwa ishintshile kancane njengoba izinto ziye zaba ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Emuva ngaleso sikhathi, ukhonkolo ovamile wawudinga ukuwa okungamasentimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 ukuze kugcinwe konke kuhlanganiswe kahle ngaphandle kokuba izinto zihlukane. Manje njengoba kunezingxube eziqiniswe nge-fiber, abaqashi bavame ukudubula phakathi kwama-intshi angu-2,5 no-4 esikhundleni salokho. Lelifasitela elibanzi libenza bakwazi ukusebenza ngezinsimbi noma lezo ezincane zokwenziwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa indlela ingxube egeleza ngayo phakathi kwamafomu noma kubangele amanzi amaningi ukuba anyukele phezulu. Yini ngempela ebangela lolu shintsho? Kukhona ama-superplasticizer angcono emakethe namuhla kanye nonjiniyela abazama ukuthola indlela yokusabalalisa lezo zinhlaka ngokulinganayo kulo lonke iqoqo. Akusekho nje ukuphonsa amanzi amaningi kule nhlanganisela.

Ukugxilwa Kwemithombo Yokuqonda: Amaphumpa Okudlisa Amathuba Akhululekileyo Aqondiswe Kwi-GPS Yomkhakha Wokuphatha

Ukukhokha kwezinkinga zokusebenza ngokushesha kuyakwaziwa ngokugcina kwe-Internet yezinto (IoT). Izimpumpu zokuhambisa izinkampani ziyagcina ngokuphelele nezinhlanganiso zezindawo zokubeka (GPS) nezinhlanganiso zezibalo zokuzimela ezikhiyiswe kumashini. Kuthi ukuthi? Isistimu esiphambili sikhala isebenza, sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye sibuye......

Ukugcina nokubhekisa kwe-System Yezinkulungwane Nokuthi Kuyisilika Ngokwesibonelo Sokukhula Kwemithambo Nokuthi Kuyisibonelo Sokuphatha Kwezinkulungwane Ngokuphelele

Ukuphakanyiswa Kwemithambo Engaphezulu Ngaphandle Kwesibonelo Sokukhula Kwemithambo: Idata EkuWeifang Convey International Systems

Ukuphakanyiswa kwemithambo engaphezulu kuyisibonelo esikhulu esihambisana nezinkulungwane zokukhula kanti ukuphatha kwemithambo. Nakuba ukuphakanyiswa okuphelele kuhleza ukuxhuma kanye nokukhula kwesibonelo sokukhula emithambeni yezinkulungwane eziqinile, ukuphakanyiswa okuphelele kakhulu kusiza ekukhuliseni ukukhula kwesibonelo sokukhula ngokusebenza kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha. Umsebenzi wokufunda uchaza isiphazimende sokubala kwezinkulungwane zokuphakanyiswa yoku-40–70% njengokuyisibonelo esihle—sizokubeka isibonelo sokukhula ngaphandle kokukhula kwezinkulungwane ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuhle kakhulu uma sibheka indlela okwenziwa ngayo imithambo yezinkampani. Ukufaka umsilika wemikhala ngezinye izinkampani ezinokubhekana nezinkampani zokusebenza kusukela kuzo kwenza ukuthi ipaste ibe yinkanakana, kwenza indlela yokuvikela amaphakathi amakhulu ukuba angathwaliwe ngqo yiscreed. Uma esilandela le ndlela ngokugcina ukuthi amaphakathi ayihlanganiswe ngokuphelele, kunezinkinga eziphambili kwezinhlelo zokuthumela, kungaba phakathi kwesikhathi sezinkampani zokuthumela ngokuphelele, kungaba phakathi kwe-15% kuya kuye ku-30% kahle kunezinkampani zokuthumela ngokuphelele. Izifundo zasezindaweni zokusebenza zasibonisa okunye okuhle. Uma abasebenzi bafaka amagweba asezigodini asingaqondi kakhulu (ngokwesifundo se-ASTM, amagweba akhula ngaphezu kwe-8%) nokubhalwa ngamathathu amaphakathi, isikhathi sokusebenza kwe-screeds kuyincreases ngaphezu kwe-40 kuya kuye ku-60 amahora okusebenza ngaphezu kwezinkampani zokusebenza ngokuphelele zomthambo wokubhiza. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kuyinto yokuthi izinkampani ziyisebenza njengoba ziyihlanganisa, kodwa akuyiyo ukuthi sibheke ngokwesilinganiso isiphakathi esinye, okuyenza ukuthi ukuthumela kubheke kahle futhi amazwe atholakala kahle.

Imithambo Yokuvavanya Emaphakathini Nobuchwepheshe Bomthwalo Oyisikhiwe Ngokuphathwa Kweslipform

Ukubheka ngokwanele ubukhulu ngempuma yokuproducwa kusiza ukuthi ubukhulu obuhle bakhangeleke ngokuphelele kwenkqubo. Ukufula kufanele kube phakathi kwe-2.5 noma-4 inches (ngokuvamile ku-650 kuya ku-750 mm), ngakho-ke izinto zizobuyela ekhanda. Ukubheka ngokugcina isikhathi esinye (inline monitoring) yokuqondisa ukuthi kukhona ukuthi kungabonakala ukuthi kunezinkinga zokwahlukaniswa phambi kokuthi kuzobonakala ukuthi kuzoba yinkqubo yokudlula (extrusion process). Ukubheka ubukhulu bekunye kubhekwa ngalolohlobo ngalolohlobo ngemilayazi yezibhalo (laser profilometers) ezifanayo nezilinganiso zika-ASTM. Umkhakhi wezinkampani yezinhlangano ebalulekile yathola imiphumela emihle uma wabambisana izinhlangano zokudluliswa kwamaphuzu ngokuzenzakalelayo nezinhlangano zokubheka ngokusebenzisa i-GPS - ukuthi ukufula kubeka phansi ngokuvamile ngo-37% kwezifundo zakhe. Emva kokuthi ukhulula umfanekiso, kunezinye izinqumo ezifanele kwenziwa futhi. Ukubheka amajonti nokuthatha iziqephu emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi nambili siza kubheka ukuthi ukuthi ukubheka ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi ukuthi uk......

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

• Kungani ukuthi i-rheology ibalulekile kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo? I-rheology ibalulekile kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo ngoba inceba ukuthi konke isikhwama siphakamise nasezisweni. I-rheology esihle isindiza ukukhahlisa isikhwama, esinika umkhawulo wokubaluleka kwezinhlobo zomfanekiso futhi isindiza ukugcina ukuphakamisa.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-yield stress kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo kuyiphi? I-yield stress iyiphatha amandla okunqamuka kabefore isikhwama siphakamise. I-yield stress esihle isindiza izinkinga njenge-bleeding yosayizi noma ukuphakamisa kwesibhakabhaka, esinika ukuthi isikhwama sisebenza ngokuhle kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo.
• Ukuthi ukuphakamisa kwe-slump flow nokuvimba kwe-plastic viscosity kuhlanganisa kanjani nokusebenza kahle kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo? Ukuphakamisa kwe-slump flow kuchaza ukuthi isikhwama siphakamise kangakanani, ngakho-ke ukuvimba kwe-plastic viscosity kuchaza ukuthi kuyaphila kanjani ukususa kwezinto. Izinto zombili zihlanganisa ukususa kahle kwezinto futhi ukwenza izinqumo ezihle kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo.
• Ukuthi ukugxilwa kwezintechonoloji kusha kusha kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo kusha kusha kuyiphi? Ukugxilwa kwezintechonoloji ze-IoT ne-GPS kusinika ukuthi kwenziwe izinyathelo zezikhathi zezikhathi kwezinhlobo zomfanekiso, okusindiza ukuthi kungabi nesilinganiso sokusebenza futhi kusindiza ukusebenza kahle kuzo okuqondwa ngokuphakamisa kwemithambo.