Izimo Zomhlabathi Nomthelela Wazo Emshinini Wokwakha Umsele

Izisekelo Zomshini Womhlabathi: Indlela Ukwakheka, Ubukhulu Nomswakama Okulawula Ngayo Umshini wokulaywa kwamathela Ukuziphatha

Ubumba, Isihlabathi, Amatshe Amatshe, Ne-Loess: Ukuphendula Kwethokheni, Ukugqoka Kwe-Cutterhead, Nezinhlaka Zomthwalo Wesistimu Yamanzi

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kulawula ukuziphatha komshini wokugqokisa umsele ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana okuhlukile kwemishini:

• Inhlabathi yobumba kudinga i-torque ephezulu ngo-30% kunama-sandy equivalents ngenxa yokumelana okuhlangeneukusheshisa ukukhathala kohlelo lwe-hydraulic ngenkathi kubangela ukuchotshozwa okuncane kwe-cutterhead.
• Izingxenye ezinesihlabathi/ezinezinsika kubangela ukugqibela kwezinyathelo zokuphatha ngokukhanya, kunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwesikhombisa ngama-40%, futhi kudinga ukuphakama kwezinqumo zemithambo yezilwane ukuhanjiswa kwezinqumo zokuphatha kwezinkambu zemithambo.
• Amadepozithi we-Loess , ngezindlela zokufakwa kwezinkambu zabo, zenza iziprofayili zokuload engazange zizweleke—kubangela ukuphela kwezinto zokuzimisa ngokushisayo okunokubangela ukungafani kwezinkambu zokufaka.

Izinguquko zomkhawulo zihlanganisa lezi zinto: amandla okuphatha emhlabeni apho amandla ayisikwele ngaphezu kwe-1.8 g/cm³ ayincrese ngama-50%, kuyaphakanyiswa ngokuzwana nokuphakama kwezilwane zemithambo ngaphezu kwezindawo zokusebenza eziphelele.

Umkhawulo Wemvula Ne-Plasticity Index: Ukupredikta Ukuphakama, Isimo Sokufaka Kwezinkambu, Nokuphatha Kwemhlabeni Ngokuphelele

Amatsandla angaphezulu kwe-25% wezilwane azibonisa ukulwa kwamaphakathi okungahleli kakhulu, okuphatha ukungahleli kwe-cutterhead, futhi izinombolo ze-PI eziningi kune-30 zibonisa ukuthi kukhona imiphumela yokuqondana okuphezulu—kubalulekile ukugcina isikhathi sokuguqula isikhathi sokuhambisa isithuthi ukuze ushindise ukuthi amasimbi asihlale kusuka kuzokwenza. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi ukuthi amatsandla nezilwane kuyisibonelo esihlukene: amatsandla atholakala ngokuphezulu kwezilwane azibonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga zokuvibrasi ezingu-50% ngaphezulu kwezinye ezingatholakala ngokuphezulu kwezilwane.

Ukuzimisa Amatsandla kuKulungisa i-Machine: Ukuguqula i-CPT, i-SPT, nokudatha kwezindawo kuma-setingi eziphelele ye-Machine yokufaka i-Canal Lining

KuKuphinda Kwemithambo KuKuguqula Isikhathi Sokuguqula Iziqiniso: Ukubeka i-Datha Yamasandla Kusuka Kusithuthi Sokuhambisa, Ukuvibrasi Kwesikhathi, Nokupressa Kwesifunda

Ukusebenza kwe-mashini yokulinyiswa kwezilwanyana kuyaphendula ngokuphelele ekufakweni kwe-calibration kubizo lomlando wamaphakathi amahlanu kuzo zonke izindawo zokusebenza. Uma sibhekisa imiphumela yokuqondisa i-Cone Penetration Test, lezi zinombolo zokukhathazeka zizifundisa ngokucacile ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokugcina isikhathi esifanele kusetyenziswa kwe-conveyor belt. Amagweba amadense ane-resistance enkulu azodinga ukugcina isikhathi esincane ukuze sizivikele izinkinga njenge-overflow yomhlangothi ne-stress enkulu kwezinqakamba zokuhlela umhlangothi. Kuma-vibrators, izinombolo zezindlela zokubhala kwe-Standard Penetration Test ziyizindikita ezibalulekile kuzokuguqula izinhlobo zokugcina isikhathi. Abasebenzi abaningi bafindwa ukuthi ukugcina iziguquko kumakhelwane okuqukethwe phakathi kwe-30 ne-60 Hz kuyasebenza kahle uma sibuyekelela phakathi kwezinhlobo zomhlangothi kusukela emsandleni ku- silt mixtures. Kungani ngokunyusa kwesikhumba? Kuyisikhumba esisisekelwe kakhulu kwezisensor zomshilo ozolwanyana kanye nezimboni zama-Atterberg limits. Lezi zisiza ekukhuliseni ukunyusa ngokudlula kwezindlela zokusebenza. Sihlanganisa ngokuvamile ama-15 ku-20 kPa uma i-plasticity index iphika phezu kwe-25 ukuze sivikele izinkinga zokuguqula okungafanele. Izicabho zemvelo zavona ukuthi ukufaka kwe-calibration kuyisisekelo esibalulekile — ngamanye amaxesha izinombolo zomshilo zingasuka kusuka kwe-40% uma izisensor azigcinwe ngokufanele ngokulinganisa nezimali. Iziphakade zezicabho ezenziwe emva kwe-2023 yi-International Association for Engineering Geology zibonisa ukuthi ukudibanisa i-CPT, i-SPT, nezidatha zomshilo ngamapaneli ase-Internet of Things (IoT) ayenziwa ngokushesha ayenza ukuba ukulinyiswa kabusha kwezilwanyana kwekhulu kwe-90%. Abasebenzi abanomkhakha abaningi baya kubuyela kweziguquko zokusebenza ngokushesha endaweni yokugcina izinto ezifakiwe ngaphambi kokusebenza. Bahlaka izinto njenge- CPT tip resistance ephezu kwe-15 MPa kusetyenziswa kwe-conveyor speeds engaphansi kwe-2.5 meters per second, futhi ama-SPT N-values angaphansi kwe-15 ayenziwa ngokudlala ngezinhlobo zokugcina isikhathi esiphakeme kwe-vibration. Lokhu kuhlinzekile ukuthi iziqu zihlinzekile nakuba sibuyela phakathi kwezinhlobo zezindawo zokusebenza zokugcina zokugcina.

Amasu Okuzivumelanisa Nendawo Aqinisekisiwe: Indlela Abasebenza Ngayo Abaholayo Abanciphisa Isikhathi Sokuphumula Esibangelwa Umhlabathi Semishini Yokufaka Umsele

Ukuzinza kwangaphambi kokuqalwa komhlabathi emhlabathini we-Loess nowonakele: Ubufakazi becala obuvela enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina (Ukufakwa kwe-Weifang Convey)

Izinkontileka ezisebenza ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina ziye zathola izindlela zokubhekana nezingozi zokuwa ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi wokwakha uqale. Ngokuvamile basebenzisa izindlela ezinjengokuqiniswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-lime okusiza ukunciphisa izinkinga zokuhlala phansi cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu. Lezi zinyathelo empeleni zavimbela izinkinga ezinjengokungaqondani kwezingxenye zokwakha kanye nokucindezela ngokweqile kwezinhlelo zamanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphrojekthi akwazi ukugcina isikhathi sawo siseduze nesimiso sawo, cishe ama-95% awo aqedwa, nakuba ayebhekene nenhlabathi ewohloka kalula. Lapho izinkampani zitshala imali ekuqiniseni inhlabathi kusenesikhathi kunokuba zilinde izinkinga ukuba zivele, zibona ukuthuthuka okukhulu. Isikhathi sokuphumula sincipha cishe ngamaphesenti angu-40 uma siqhathaniswa nalapho izisebenzi zilungisa izinto lapho ziphuka. Izinzuzo zezimali ziyaziphendulela, okwenza ukuhlola nokuhlela inhlabathi ngokuhlakanipha kube yinto efanelekile ukuyitshala emabhizinisini ezokwakha asebenza kulezi zimo eziyinselele.

Ukuguqula Kwemithombo Yezixhobo Zokusebenzisa Ngokwesibonelo Nokufaka Kwemifundo Yokuqonda Okuphathelene Nokulungiselela: Kukhuthaza Ukusebenza Kwemithombo Yokubeka Isilayini Yomkhumbi Wokugcina Umkhumbi Ngokwesibonelo Kwi-12+ Izinhlobo Zemifula

Abasebenzi bemithombo manje bangakwazi ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuguqula ngokusebenzisa lezi zixhobo zesibonelo. Le sistimu inekhaya lezinto ezahlukeneyo njengezihlangothi zokuchitha, izivibrateri, nezincamango zokugcina okuzoguqulwa kusho kusobala uma kushintsha imifula. Ngokuvamile, abasebenzi bafika ekugcineni konke ngemizuzu engama-90 noma ngaphezu kwalokho. Uma kuhlanganiswa nabafundi bakho bokufaka kwemifundo yokuqonda okuphathelene nokulungiselela, izisensori zokugcina ziyagcina ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi sokugcina kwe-conveyor futhi ziyashintsha ubunzima bezincamango zokugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kuthabatha ukuthi umkhumbi omunye uyasebenza kahle na kuphi ukugcina emfuleni wamanzi, emfuthana enkulu, noma emgolweni ophansi. Sibona lokhu kusenzo lomkhumbi lasesandla lomnyaka odlule. Babaphakamisa ukuthi kubhekwe kubude bakwe-silayini ngokuphelele kubili ngokuphakeme kwe-98%, futhi izindleko zokugcina zabanikwa ngokuphakeme kwe-32%. Akukho mcinga kakhulu kuma-kuze kube yizinkampani eziningi nabo abasebenzi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yikuphi ukuthinteka okukhulu kwezinkulungwane zokufaka amasiko kwezinkulungwane zokufaka amasiko?

Ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane kuthinteka izinkinga zokusebenza kwezinkulungwane, ukugqibela kwesikhombisa sokubhala, nokusebenza kwezinkulungwane zokuhambisana. Izinkulungwane ezihlukene njengeclay, isand, ne-loess zihlanganisa ngendlela eyahlukene ngezinkulungwane futhi kufanele zihlanganiswe ngendlela eyodwa ngeminyaka yokuqinisa amasiko.

Ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane nokhotho lokuthinteka kuthinteka ukuzimisa kwezinkulungwane?

Ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane nokhotho lokuthinteka kuthinteka ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane, ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane kwezinkulungwane, nokuzimisa kwezinkulungwane. Ukuthinteka okukhulu kungathinteka ukusebenza kwezinkulungwane, futhi ukuthinteka okukhulu kuthinteka ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane kwezinkulungwane.

Izizifundo zezinkulungwane ziphi ezibalulekile kusukela kwezinkulungwane?

Izizifundo zezinkulungwane ebalulekile kusukela kwezinkulungwane ziyizifundo zokuthinteka kwezinkulungwane (CPT), izizifundo zokuthinteka kwezinkulungwane (SPT), nezifundo zokuthinteka kwezinkulungwane. Lezi zifundo zithinteka ukusuka kwezinkulungwane, ukusuka kwezinkulungwane, nokusuka kwezinkulungwane.

Izindlela ziphi ezisebenzisa abasebenzi ukuthinteka kwezinkulungwane?

Izindlela zihlanganisa ukuvikela umsindo wamaphakathi ngokusebenzisa ukuphepha kwezindawo nezindlela zokusebenzisa ilime, njengoko kufanele kube nesikhundla esisodwa nezindlela zokuguqula izinkampani zezinto ezisebenzayo nokuguqula izinkampani zokulawula ukusobala kubona ukuthi kuyasebenza kuzo zonke izindawo zomhlaba.