Ukutheni Ukukhetha i-Slipform Paver Machine Ewona Noma Yimalini

Ukuvavanya Izidingo Zekuphelo Umsebenzi wokuhluka kwezindlela ezinamathuthi Ukukhetha

Ukukhetha i-slipform paver machine ehlathile kumele kube ngokuvavanya kahle lekuphelo. Ikonkreti evolumeni kudinga kubonisa ukuthini kwezimali okudingekayo - uma kungenhla kakhulu uzobe uyashisa ukuba uphume, uma kungenkulu kakhulu uzobe uyasebenza imali ehlukile. Isibonelo, i-SM ethi 350 m3/ir lula kakhulu kuma-runway ayo eziphakamini, kodwa kungenkulu kakhulu kumastreet zezindlu. Izinkolelo zomhla ziyahlukana nezimali zomshini ukuze kungavunyelwe amaphuzu.

Ukushintshana Kwezimali Zomshini Nokuvoluma Kwekonesete

Bala ngokucacileyo ukusebenzisa ikhongkethiweyo ngokuxhaswe kweghazi. Iiprojekthi ezincinane njengokwehlaba kufuneka 400+ iikyubu nelela kweyohhovu, ngelixa iindlela zomakoti zifuna okunye walo. Gqibezela kwiindlela zokwenza ikhongkethi kwaye ukusendela kwaye—yeyiphi na engqongqo ingqalelo yezinto ezingekayo okanye ukuphahla kwezinto. Iindlela zokulayela ngokuchasene zinto ngokupheleleyo zinto kwaye zibandakanya ubuncinane obufunekayo beemoto ethile.

Iindlela Zokubanda Ukubawula Kwemoto kwaye Bala Iindlela Yokulayela

Isantya sokuhamba sikhokelelwa ngqo kububanzi beendela kwaye kakhokelelwa kakhulu kakhulu. Kwimindlela eziphantsi (<5m), ukulayela ngokugqithile kungenzeka kusantya 1 - 1.5 m/min, iindlela eziphezulu zidinga ukulayela ngokwezinye. Sebenzisa le fomula: Isantya Sokulayela = Ixesha Leprojekthi · (Ixesha Elinikiweyo - Ixesha Lokulayisha/Okulondla). (Iingxaki yahlukileyo yandiswe ngale nto: ukohamba ngokusheshayo ngaphandle kwekhowudi yomakhi kungenzela ukuba isihlengi sibe lula.)

Ukugqitywa Kwesicathami Somsebenzi Ngeengxaki

Mhlawumbi izindawo zokungena phakathi kwezindawo, ukuphakama kwezinkqubo, nokuphakama kwezilanga. Izindawo eziphakathi komsulwa kumele kuthathwe kwezinyathelo ezimbili zokulayisha nezindlela zokuhamba ngokuzwakile kuhulumeni kwezindlela zokuhamba. Inehlobo yomakhine ingathathwa yikhabhini elilandelayo fakwe izilanga kungase kungatholakali ukuthutha izinyathelo eziphakathi. Hlola njalo ukubekwa kwezinhlelo - 40% yezimo zayo kunezindlela zokuxhumana nezinyathelo ezingathathwa ngaphandle kwezimiso.

izinyathelo ezimbili koma izinyathelo eziyisikhombisa - Izithayela sokulayisha izinhlobo

Ukukhetha ukucubungulwa okungcono kwezithayela sokulayisha kuholela kakhulu kwekhuba lokusebenza. Izinhlobo zezinyathelo ezimbili nezinyathelo eziyisikhombisa zinesebenta ngokwesibonelo, noma kuthathwa ukubophezela, ukuthutha nokusebenza okunemali. Izibonelo zomsulwa ofikile kumele kuthathwe ngokuhlukile kumaqembu amakhulu kakhulu, kudinga ukuvakasha okujwayele kwezindawo nezinkoronti zokusebenza.

Ukulinganisa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili nezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa kwezindawo zomsulwa nezindawo eziphakathi komsulwa

Kumntaneni kunesikhala esingaba khona, oku kudinga ukuthi izinhlobo zemigwa evela ngokushesha kakhulu zibe yini engcono, ngokuthi zinhleke kakhulu futhi zinekhwankhwa emincane. Zingase kubele phakathi kwebungu, along existing utilities futhi kuzikhala ezimnye ngokungenakwa ukuvulelwa kakhulu. Kwezindawo zokubuya, izinhlobo zemigwa ezingama-4 zinhamba eliphezulu (lulayishwa; indawo efarile yokubuya) kodwa futhi zidinga ukushisa okukhulu kwenqanawa. Isiprojekthi esisodwa sokuxhumana nezindawo zokubuya singadinga ukuthi izinhlobo zemigwa zibe 40% ezincane kakhulu kumaqo wokubuya (Isigcungcurola Sombili 2023), ngakho ke ukwakhiwa kwemigwa kuyinto eshukela kakhulu.

Imitheshwana Yokuvikela Indawo Yokubuya

Ziyimaphakathi amathathu futhi awukhona kulokhu okusebenza kahle kakhulu noma kubalwa ngokuphakathi kwesikhashana, njengaleyo esebenzisa izindawo zokuthambisa isikhashana - okusekunke kunezindlela ezine. Izindawo ezingama-4 zokuxhuma kuzo kushaya ubunzima ngokulinganile ukuze kugcinwe amapavhu kuzo zonke izindawo eziphakathiwe. Lokhu kuyakho kubalwa ngokukhona lapho kusebenzwa amavibrhetha e-konkreti ngenxa yokuthi ukukhona kwezimaliwe kuthinta ukuthi amakhine amamuva ayaphindwe.

Ukulingana Kwesebenza

Ifakti	izinhlelo Zindlela Zimbili	izinhlelo Zindlela Zine
Inkilinga enkulu yethemba	6°	10°
Ukuphakama kwemhlabo	15-18 PSI	9-12 PSI
Ububanzi bokuphathiwe kwezinsimbi	Ukuya kuma-5	Ukuya kuma-12

Ukusebenzisa inqanawa ngokwesikhalo kanye nezindleko zokubambeza

Ukunganisa izindleko zazo zonke izenzo ezingenakuphela kubonisa ukuthana phakathi kwenqanawa futhi nezindleko zokubambeza. I-2 TRACK 15-25% ikhuphe inqanawa (20-30 litri-ngohora) kudinga kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa ngokushesha kakhulu kanye nezindleko ezincane kakhulu. Kodwa oku kwezinye izinhlobo ezingama-4 ziyakunika umkhawulo owodwa oqinile ukwenza ukulaywa ngqo kuzindawo eziphezulu ngekunokuthenga osayitheni. Lapho kudinga kakhulu kuma-150 kubic meters kusuku, ukusebenzisa okuphakade kwezinhlobo ezingama-4 ziyakunika amandla okuthola ukunciphisa isikhathi esetshenziswa kumsebenzi futhi ukunciphisa amandla akho.

Ukuphinda kabili kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokulaywa ngokushesha

Ukusebenzisa izinsimbi ngokushesha kudinga ukuthakatha okuphambene nezinhlobo ezintathu zokutekela okubonisa iziphumo zokusebenza kuzindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi nezimo zokusebenza.

Izinhlobo zokuhlelwa kwamathrack kuzindawo ezingahlukahlukene

Izinhlelo zokugcina ngemibili ziyahlula ubunzima ngamathupha kakhulu kunazo ezimbili (Isithathu sokuxhumeka kwamanqaku aqhubekayo 2023), siphumelela ngemaphimbo embhakabhakeni noma kuzindlebe ezingu-10°. Ukugcina okuhlanganisiwe kungakunyeza amathupha angu-75% okugcina okuphansi kunezinhlelo eziphambene (Umbili neTravers) kodwa abasebenzisa bayilapha amathupha angu-12-15% ekuphumeleni kwezindawo eziphansiwe. Kuzindlebe ezikhujwetshiwe nezindawo eziphambene, izinhlelo zokugcina ngemibili ziyabangela ukusebenzela kwezimali ngamathupha angu-25%, nangokunikeza ukuphakama okuhle.

Imigomo yokunwelela kweScreed kuzindlela ezahlukahlukene

Ngezinkawuntisela ezingatholwa ngokwezimali, ukwenza izis adjustment kwezubukhulu kusuka kuma-7,3m kuya kuma-9,1m (24ft kuya kuma-30ft) kungakapheli amaminithi angu-15, noma kunelilokho kudingeka kushintshelwe izincazelo - okungu-92% okuncane kakhulu kwesikhathi esihlokeka kulokho esingenayo isisigama esijwayelekile. Izinhlobo zokugcwele kuzivumela ukwenza inkontrola yombango ngokuzenzekelayo okunikeza ukuphakama okungafani nezibini (±2mm) kusuka kuya kude ngokuphelele. Abasebenzisa amakhono bayaqina ukuthola ukunceda kwezimali kusuka kuya kuma-18% kuzincazelo zokubandakanya izisigama ngekuthi kuzisetyenziswa izinkawuntisela ezingatholwa ngokwezimali kunokuthi kuzisebenziswe izindlela eziphambene (Isijolo Sokupaka Izindlela Zemoto 2023).

Imikampani Yeqinga Lokuqala Yeqinga Lokuqala

Izinhlobo zokupaka izindawo zokusebenza ngokwesibini ne:

• Izinhlobo zokwehlisa izinto ezingapakathi kuma-300 m³/thele kwiingxenye ezijwayelekileyo
• Izinhlobo zokugcina ngokulandela iilaser ezenza ukuthwala isantya kusuka kuma-30 minithi emva kokulayisha
• Izinhlobo zokugcina ukuba nezilingo ezingama-98% ngekuthi kungasebenziswanga izinhlobo zokugcina ezingaphambene

Izinhlelo zokuxhumana ngokuvumelana zilandela izindleko ezingu-22% ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumiwa ngokunye kweminye imigqa esingeni, ngokwesicatshulwa se-2024 sokuvulindlela ngokuzenzekela. Izindawo zokunamathisele zilandelayo ukuguqula ngokushesha phakathi kwezinhlobo zokuvulindlela, ukuvulindlela okuphelele, nokuvulindlela okuchanekile.

Ukuthiwa Teknoloji ngokuvamile kumashini abhukisayo esikhundleni esibheke

Amashini abhukisayo esikhundleni esibheke amathimekhi akhulayo ukuthiwa teknoloji eziphumelelayo ukuthuthukisa ubuncane, ukunciphisa izindleko zomsebenzi, nokunquma ubungqina obuphumelelayo emaphakamweni amakhulu. Lezi zibonelo zixhomeke kakhulu ekutheni kuzonke izidingo zokuvikela izindlela ngemigomo encane kanye nezimali ezifanelekayo.

Isistimu ye-Autopilot 2.0 yokubulela ubuncane be-Grade

I-Autopilot 2.0 ikhulisa ukusetwa kwezilungo, usebenzisa i-GPS, LiDAR kunye nezinhlelo zokulungisa ezicacileyo zilandelayo ukugcina ubuncike obuncinci kwaye kufake kwiindawo zokulaywa. Le ndlela ikhupha impazamo yeNkululeko nge-47%, kunye nokufumana amagrade ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezingama ±3mm ngaphandle koma 2% njengoko kuchazwe kwi-2024 Asphalt Paving Technology Report. Iisensile ezine ezingokomcelo zokulungisa zikhangele ukuphakama ngamnye sekholo kwaye zilungisele ukuphakama kwe-screed ngokuzenzekelayo, ngelixa iisensile (ezine lefiphi) zilungisa screed kwiqho leyo kufanelekileyo kwindawo enyeni. Le teknoloji iyindiza kakhulu kwiindawo zokulaywa zemileni kunye nezithuba zokugcina apho ubuncinci obuninzi bokwenza into ingqale.

Ukugqitha Kwemoto Kwemoto Yokuqinisekisa Imirhoxo Yokusebenza

Ukulaywa ngaphandle kwezilungo kuncipha ixesha lokusebenzela ngama-65% kunye nokugatya komsebenzi nge-18–22 dola ngalinye kwiindlela ezisemthethweni. Nangona apho kubalwa ngokuqala kufuneka kwenzeke ukunqunyelwa kwe-3D kwaye kuthathwe iindlela zokubekwa kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka kuthathwe kwiindlela zokubona, kufuneka......

Ikhetho Lelindleko	Indlela Yoqobo	Intekhnoloji Engenakuthi
Amahora Wokulungisa	120–150	40–50
Ukugcina Kwamakhlakhi	8–12%	3–5%
Ukubuyiselwa Kwamaxesha	1 incideni/500m	1 incideni/2,500m

Ukuba kunokwanda kwalokhu teknoloji kwenza ukuthi kube yimali kwezindawo zomuntu nezindawo zokudlala eziphakeme.

Imithombo Yokugcina Imizuzwano Ngokushesha

namuhla izipavu zisebenzisa izinhloso ezingxinywe kwiIoT ezogcina ubukhulu (ubukhona ±0.5°C), umkhawulo (ifereji 150-300 Hz) nokunye kwamanzi (okungcono 2.5-4%) ngelokhu kwenziwa. Le mithombo enquma kuzo izimo ezidingekayo (isb., amajojisi amakhulu, ukuxhunyiswa okungavumelekile) fupha ukwazi kubasebenzisi ngokushesha ngaphakathi kwe 0.8 secunde ukuze ukuxazululo kusheshwe kube khona. Abasebenzisi benqubomkathi bakhuphela kwiideshibhodi ezinhlelwe ngokungqokwe kwekhipha (98–102% engqondweni) nokujuluka kwezinye (±3mm/m ifaka amathimele) okwenza ukuthi kube lula ukugcina amadokhumenti ohlinyelweyo kwi-inspekshini yeDOT.

Ukucwaninga Imisebenzi Yemashini Ezipavu Zokwenza Amasurufomu

Isikhathi Solving Esigciniwe Esigciniwe vs Esigciniwe Esingaphakathi

Izamanje zokuphendula zihamba nesicelo nokuguqula isikhathi, futhi zibonisa ngqo ubube bakho; amadlaliwe amakhulu angaba khona ukuvikela ngemergensi kwezindawo ezingama-48-72 ihora ngoba bayinekile yazo nezokunquma. Izigaba ezinhlokwa kungaba khona ukunquma ngosuku olufanayo, kodwa kangaka bayizinezwa yokulungisa izinhlobo zokwenza amandla. Izidlali ezinikeza izinkundla zokusebenza ziyindlela yokuthiwa kuzindlela eziphakeme, apha kungaba khona ukunquma kwezinkundla eziphakeme. Izigaba ezine abasebenzisa abangasebenzi ngokushelwa kuyindlela yokuthiwa kuzindlela zomuntu. Okungu-67% wezisithuthi zibuza ukutholakala kwezinhlobo zokuguqula eziphakeme kakhulu kunempi yobrandi lapho bakhetha isivikelo sokusebenza, ngokwesicelo esikhulu olwenziwe ku-2023 kuzindlela zokwenza amandla.

Ukulinganisa Ukuvikwa Kwempi Phakathi Kwemadlali

Izimboni ezijwayelekile ezinamandla ngoku kuya kwezinyanga ezingu-3-5 kwezinqawawa ezibalulekileyo njengokwehliswa kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo zokwenza, hhoname inkhokhelo iyabelana ngokukhulu. Izingxenye ezifundisa izimboni eziphakanyisiweyo ngekuphathwa kwezilawuli zokulawulisa ukungabi kungabi, ukuthwasa ukungabi kungabi kwezinyanga ezi-32% (ICPA 2024). Izindikimba ezibalulekile zokulinganisa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuthi kufakwe izinto ezingcono njengokwehlisa kwezinhlobo
• Imithombo yokusiza emadodeni
• Izimboni zokuvuselela izincazelo/izinkinobho
  Abasebenzisa kufanele bavume amaphuzu wokuthakatha, ngoba izindleko ezi-41% zokuthengisa kabusha iyathathwa ngokuthi kungabi kungabi izimboni.

Ink availability ye-Operator Training Program

Izicathamiyo zokufundisa ezitholakaleyo zithula amathiphu kwezokulayisha ngama-40% (NCMA 2023), yenza ukufundisa ngokwemigca ngokungabi kungabi. Izingxenye eziphakanyisiweyo zinikeza:

• Ukufamiliariza ngezinhlobo kusitayela (2-5 izinsuku)
• Izisombululo sokulungisa amathiphu amabiweyo kwezinhlobo zokuhlelo
• Ukutholwa kabusha kwegama ngokwengeziwe kwezintsha ezintsha
  Imiphiyakelo efanele kombisa imisebenzi yokuhlela ngokusebenzisa VR nezindaba zokulayela kanye, ikhomba abasebenzisi ukwazi ukulayela ububanzi nokukhulisa ukulayela ngaphakathi kwezikhathi zokusebenza ezingama-50.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yiziphi izinhloso okufanele kuzwa xa ukhetha i-machine yokulayela engenakho isilipu?

Xa ukhetha i-machine yokulayela engenakho isilipu, izinhloso zomprojekthi kanye nezinhloso zokulayela, ububanzi bokudlala, ukufinyeleka kwezindawo zokusebenza, isikhathi sokuphela kweprojekthi nokukhula kokulayela kufanele kuzwakale.

Yiziphi izinhlongo zokusebenza ngemfengathini we-2 kunokusebenza ngemfengathini we-4?

imifengathi evela ngemfengathini we-2 inikeza ukusebenzisa okuhle, ngakho-ke kuzindawo zomuntu apholile kakhulu noma kuzindawo ezincane ngokukhulu kakhulu noma kwezindlela ezincane.

Ukusebenzisa itekithnoloji kuholela kanjani ekhuliseni imiphumela yemachini yokulayela engenakho isilipu?

Imachini yokulayela engenakho isilipu yisikhathi esisha iyasebenzisa itekithnoloji ephumelelayo kanye ne-sensors ye-IoT ukwakisa ukucinca, ukunciphisa izindleko zomsebenzi, nokugcina ubungo lwemisebenzi yokulayela.